Pakistan's economy is confronted with a severe economic crisis, which is characterized by high levels of inflation, low economic activity, low foreign reserves, a depreciating currency, and enormous… Read More
LATEST PUBLICATIONS
Fiscal and monetary policies are in contradiction with each other which has negative implications for achieving the macroeconomic and fiscal targets presented by the government in the Federal Budget… Read More
Pakistan's economy is confronted with a severe economic crisis, which is characterized by high levels of inflation, low economic activity, low foreign reserves, a depreciating currency, and enormous… Read More
Pakistan’s Economic Outlook and the Federal Budget 2023-24
Pakistan's economy is confronted with a severe economic crisis, which is characterized by high levels of inflation, low economic activity, low foreign reserves, a depreciating currency, and enormous public finance imbalances. The prevailing political uncertainty is further contributing to the… Read More
Research Report
Survey Report: Consumption Behaviour of Cigarette Smokers in Pakistan
The main objective of this research is to study the consumption patterns of cigarette smokers. The survey provides information on the price and non-price drivers of cigarette consumption behaviour and explores the impact of price changes on consumption. The study is based on a survey of households… Read More
Research Report
Estimating the Under-Reporting of Cigarette Production in Pakistan
Tobacco taxation is a widely-used policy tool to reduce tobacco consumption globally. In Pakistan, however, policy makers have fallen short of tapping the full potential of cigarette taxation, and inefficiencies in the tax collection system persist. The national tax collection agency, the Federal… Read More
Research Report
Making Economic Hubs Thrive: A Case for Fiscal and Administrative Devolution in Sindh
Industrial and commercial clusters in and around cities provide for the environment, necessary for rapid economic growth and high generation of revenues for running the business of the State. The density of the population, the knowledge spillover, the competitive environment and the economies of… Read More
Research Report
ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF CIGARETTE TAXATION IN PAKISTAN: An Exploration through A CGE Model
The macroeconomic impacts of tobacco taxation is an under-researched subject in Pakistan. The lack of empirical evidence often leads to an inflated perception of the size and contribution of the tobacco industry to the economy. This study analyzes the macroeconomic and distributional impacts of the… Read More
Research Report
Educational Status of Pakistan: Pre- and Post-18th Amendment Scenario
The 18th Constitutional Amendment 2010 introduced significant changes with regard to the devolution of powers to sub-national governments, having a direct bearing on the education sector. In this context, an attempt is made in this research to analyze the performance of provincial governments in… Read More
Research Report
The Crowding Out Effect of Tobacco Spending in Pakistan
Pakistan is a high-tobacco-burden country where more than 29 million adults use tobacco in some form, and tobacco expenditures constitute a sizeable portion of household budgets. Tobacco expenditure occurs at the cost of spending on necessities such as basic food, health, education, and housing.… Read More
Research Report
Interactive Dialogues on Countering Violent Extremism - The Composite Report
SPDC envisioned a consultative process for discussion and knowledge production on violent extremism particular to Sindh province. Recognizing the dearth of context-specific, localized research, it aimed for a series of dialogues as a first step; a rapid appraisal of the on-ground situation to flag… Read More
Research Report
The Impact of Tobacco Use on Household Consumption Patterns in Pakistan
This study is the first attempt to estimate the impact of tobacco use on consumption patterns of households in Pakistan and complements existing work on the crowding out effect of tobacco expenditures in developing economies. It also explores how reductions in tobacco expenditure affect intra-household… Read More
Research Report
Quantifying the Potential Tax Base of Cigarette Industry in Pakistan
Tobacco consumption is one of the leading causes of preventable death particularly in developing world. Pakistan is not an exception, where the prevalence of tobacco use has emerged as a serious public health challenge. Globally, tobacco taxation is considered one of the crucial elements of tobacco… Read More
Research Report
Economic and Social Costs of Violence Against Women in Pakistan: Summary Report
Economic and Social Costs of Violence Against Women in Pakistan: Summary Report
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Research Report
Trade and Compliance of Labour Standards in Global Supply Chain
Trade and Compliance of Labour Standards in Global Supply Chain
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Research Report
Smoothing Sporadic Estimates of Poverty and Inequality in Pakistan
Poverty and income inequality is estimated from household surveys which provide detailed information on household income and consumption along with socio-economic characteristics. However, these surveys are conducted sporadically with irregular intervals. Thus the resultant estimates are not in the… Read More
Research Report
Strengthening Fiscal Federalism in Pakistan
Poverty and income inequality is estimated from household surveys which provide detailed information on household income and consumption along with socio-economic characteristics. However, these surveys are conducted sporadically with irregular intervals. Thus the resultant estimates are not in the… Read More
Research Report
A Study of Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfers in India and Pakistan
A Study of Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfers in India and Pakistan
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Research Report
The 2017 Census of Pakistan: Analyses of Results - Volume 1
The 2017 Census of Pakistan: Analyses of Results - Volume 1
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Research Report
Macroeconomic Impacts of Tobacco Use in Pakistan
Macroeconomic Impacts of Tobacco Use in Pakistan
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Research Report
Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment with regard to Social Protection
Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment with regard to Social Protection
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Research Report
Poverty and Vulnerability Estimates: Pakistan 2016
The main objective of this research is to provide poverty and vulnerability statistics estimated from the latest available Household Integrated Economic Survey (HIES) data. Poverty estimates show that close to 38 percent population of Pakistan was living below the poverty line during the year 2015-16.… Read More
Research Report
Explaining Spousal Physical Violence through Dimensions of Women Empowerment: Evidence from Pakistan
This research investigates whether women's empowerment, defined alternatively protects women against spousal physical violence. Nationally representative data of Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey 2012-13 is used to quantify the nature and direction of relationship between dimensions of women’s… Read More
Research Report
Political Economy of Social Development in Pakistan
Political Economy of Social Development in Pakistan
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Research Report
Citizens’ Perceptions of Urban Public Services
Urban citizens’ perception survey on public service delivery was conducted by the Social Policy and Development Centre (SPDC) in 2015. The purpose of the survey was to get opinion of public service users regarding access, quality and reliability of service provision; problems encountered and… Read More
Research Report
Implications of Implementing SDGs at the National Level: A Case of Pakistan
Implications of Implementing SDGs at the National Level: A Case of Pakistan
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Research Report
State of the Economy: An Evaluation of the Federal Budget 2015- 16
State of the Economy: An Evaluation of the Federal Budget 2015- 16
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Research Report
Growth and Income Inequality Effects on Poverty: The Case of Pakistan (1988-2011)
This research assesses the distributional characteristics of growth in Pakistan by applying statistical techniques suggested in the empirical literature on poverty and income inequality. An attempt is also made to determine the relative contribution of economic growth and distribution of income to… Read More
Research Report
Determinants of Child Schooling Work and Idleness: The Case of the Punjab Province
This paper analyses the determinants of child activity with regard to schooling, working or neither schooling nor working in the age cohort 5-14 years. Primary data of the Punjab Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) conducted in 2010-11 has been used for this study. The objective of the study… Read More
Research Report
Health and Educational Status of Children: An Exploration through a Gender Lens
The health and educational status of children with respect to undernourishment (underweight, stunting and wasting), mortality (IMR and CMR) and out-of-school children in age cohort 5-14 years are quantified across gender and across household multidimensional poverty status. Multiple Indicator Cluster… Read More
Research Report
Gender and Social Vulnerability to Climate Change: A Study of Disaster Prone Areas in Sindh
Gender and Social Vulnerability to Climate Change: A Study of Disaster Prone Areas in Sindh
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Research Report
Profiling Rural Pakistan for Poverty Inequality and Social Exclusion
The study documents the extent and spread of poverty in rural Pakistan using two different approaches to define and measure population living in distress and deprivation. In addition, social exclusion is assessed by developing the geographical Indices of Multiple Derivations. Income inequality… Read More
Research Report
School Participation in Rural Pakistan: A Situation Analysis
The study highlights the major characteristics of schooling in rural Pakistan by providing a situation analysis in terms of access, equality and quality of education. A cohort-wise analysis for primary (5-9 age cohort) and secondary (10-14 age cohort) levels is carried out to look at the prevailing… Read More
Research Report
Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfers and Gender-Sensitive Education Financing
Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfers and Gender-Sensitive Education Financing
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Research Report
Gender Dimensions in Rural Non-farm Employment in Pakistan
Gender Dimensions in Rural Non-farm Employment in Pakistan
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Research Report
Predicting Sub-National Poverty Incidence for Pakistan
This research note provides sub-national estimates of monetary poverty with the help of information available in two household surveys conducted during 2010-11. Data of Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurement Survey (PSLM) and Household Integrated Economic Survey (HIES) are combined to produce… Read More
Research Report
State of the Economy: An Ambitious Budget 2013-14
State of the Economy: An Ambitious Budget 2013-14
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Research Report
The Socio-Economic Cost of Violence Against Women: A Case Study of Karachi
The Socio-Economic Cost of Violence Against Women: A Case Study of Karachi
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Research Report
Gender Dimensions of Development Induced Displacement and Resettlement: A Case of Lyari Expressway in Karachi
Gender Dimensions of Development Induced Displacement and Resettlement: A Case of Lyari Expressway in Karachi
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Research Report
Pakistan Poverty Statistics: Estimates for 2011
This research paper provides poverty statistics estimated from the latest available household survey data. The estimates show that an overall 38 percent of the population was poor according to the methodology adopted for this study during the year 2010-11. The incidence, depth and severity of rural… Read More
Research Report
An Exploratory Analysis of Inter-Temporal Multidimensional Poverty
The approach to measure poverty in terms of financial deprivation has been widely criticised in the literature of welfare and well-being. It is argued that to understand the complex phenomenon of poverty or to evaluate household or individual well-being, a multidimensional exercise is imperative.… Read More
Research Report
Districts' Indices of Multiple Deprivations for Pakistan-2011
This study analyses disparities among provinces and districts for the years 2011, 2009 and 2005 with respect to household socio-economic deprivations and could be used as a reliable base for provincial and district development policies. Analysis presented in this study is based on 17 variables, arranged… Read More
Research Report
Has civil society failed in Pakistan?
Has civil society failed in Pakistan?
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Research Report
Gender Dimensions of Social Safety Nets: The Case of Zakat Recipients in Pakistan
Gender Dimensions of Social Safety Nets: The Case of Zakat Recipients in Pakistan
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Research Report
Socio-Economic Characteristics of Female- Headed Households in Pakistan Baseline Survey
Socio-Economic Characteristics of Female- Headed Households in Pakistan Baseline Survey
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Research Report
Trade Liberalisation and Gender Dynamics of Employment in Pakistan
Trade Liberalisation and Gender Dynamics of Employment in Pakistan
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Research Report
Public Spending on Education and Health in Pakistan: A Dynamic Investigation through Gender Lens
Public Spending on Education and Health in Pakistan: A Dynamic Investigation through Gender Lens
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Research Report
A Profile of Social Protection in Pakistan: An Appraisal of Empirical Literature
The consensus developed in various studies on social protection is that there is no clearly articulated government social protection framework. Various social security schemes and cash assistance programs are developed largely as a series of adhoc responses to problems raised by particular circumstances… Read More
Research Report
Assessing Vulnerability to Poverty: Evidence from Pakistan
The paper assesses the extent of household vulnerability to poverty in Pakistan. Preferably, household panel data of sufficient length is used to measure the incidence of vulnerability. However this data is rare in developing countries and if available is not nationally or regionally representative.… Read More
Research Report
Estimation of Multidimensional Poverty in Pakistan
This study is the first attempt to quantify the extent of multidimensional poverty in the context of Pakistan. It involves developing multidimensional poverty indices (headcount, poverty gap, and poverty severity) and comparing them with the traditional income approach. It has been estimated, using… Read More
Research Report
State of the Economy: Fiscal Policy Choices in Budget 2008-09
State of the Economy: Fiscal Policy Choices in Budget 2008-09
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Research Report
Understanding Rural Poverty Dynamics: The Case of the Poorest District of Sindh Pakistan
This research focuses on changes in the poverty status of rural households to explore the main determinants of upward and downward income and poverty mobility. The study uses panel survey data for District Badin, which is among the poorest districts of the Sindh province. Households interviewed earlier… Read More
Research Report
Exploring the Impact of Microfinance in Pakistan
Much of the impetus behind the large and increasing support from national governments, Non Governmental Organizations (NGOs) and donor agencies for microfinance, hinges on the assumption that its economic and social impacts are significant. However, this needs to be examined more closely. This study… Read More
Research Report
Pay Offs to Schooling and Returns to Credentials
This paper uses Pakistan Social and Living Standard Measurement Survey (PSLM) 2004-2005 to examine labour market earnings. The earning function controls for educational qualifications in addition to years of schooling and other conventional correlates. The estimated returns to additional years of… Read More
Research Report
The Elimination of Textile Quotas and Pakistan-EU Trade
The Elimination of Textile Quotas and Pakistan-EU Trade
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Research Report
Trends in Regional Human Development Indices
The purpose of this research is to highlight changes in human development status of districts of Pakistan during the period between 1998 and 2005. The standard summary measure, Human Development Index (HDI) proposed by UNDP, is applied at the district level. District HDIs, estimated for both periods… Read More
Research Report
Indices of Multiple Deprivations 2005
The objective of this research is to update district-wise Indices of Multiple Deprivations 1998, using the latest available data of the Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurement Survey 2005 (PSLM, 2005). The period from 1998 to 2005, offers an opportunity to evaluate performance of the present… Read More
Research Report
Education Status of Districts: An Exploration of Inter-Temporal Changes
This research appraises inter-temporal educational status for the period 1998- 2005. Access and inequality is measured through the District Education Index (DEI). DEI is a composite index and includes enrollments at various levels as well as literacy rates. Two data sources are used for this exercise:… Read More
Research Report
Income Poverty at District Level: An Application of Small Area Estimation Technique
The objective of this research is to provide estimates of income poverty at the district level with the help of information available in household surveys; PSLM and HIES 2004-05. Both surveys are combined to produce poverty measures at district level using small area estimation technique. The technique… Read More
Research Report
Updating Poverty and Inequality Estimates: 2005 Panorama
Social Policy and Development Centre (SPDC) keeps track records of intertemporal changes in poverty incidence by using the consistent methodology for defining and computing national and regional poverty lines and poverty incidences. This research paper provides latest estimates of poverty for the… Read More
Research Report
Gender Inequality and Trade Liberalization: A Case Study of Pakistan
The main focus of this study undertaken by the authorsis to explore the impact of trade liberalization on gender inequalities in Pakistan. The overall gender inequality based on three dimensions, including labour market, education and health facilities, are analyzed in this paper using data from… Read More
Research Report
Determinants of Recent Inflation in Pakistan
The expansionary economic policies of the government and of the central bank (State Bank of Pakistan – SBP), which on one side resulted in impressive economic performance, stimulated a rise in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) on the other. This initiated a debate on the determinants of the recent… Read More
Research Report
Determinants of Total Factor Productivity in Pakistan
This paper tries to highlight the effect of fiscal policy, monetary policy and other economic measures on TFP in Pakistan. Analyzing TFP in Pakistan by using recent data is important for two reasons. First, in the past few years, Pakistan has been experiencing very high growth in the region and it… Read More
Research Report
Estimating the Black Economy through Monetary Approach: A Case Study of Pakistan
In recent years, the ‘black economy’ has held enormous appeal for policy makers. The presence of the black economy creates critical misrepresentation of macroeconomic variables in official estimates which lead to false determination and delusional impact of economic policies. Similarly,… Read More
Research Report
State of the Economy: Growing Macroeconomic Imbalances
The Review represents the efforts of SPDC to objectively present the situation with respect to the state of the economy. It points out the improvements in economic performance and an increase in the economy's sustainable rate of growth over the past few years, which are in part a result of the… Read More
Research Report
Provincial Accounts of Pakistan: Methodology and Estimates 1973-2000
Provincial Accounts of Pakistan: Methodology and Estimates 1973-2000
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Research Report
The Economy in the Aftermath of the Earthquake
In this study, we use simulations from the Social Policy and Development Centre’s large-scale empirical model of Pakistan’s economy to quantify the economic losses resulting from the devastating earthquake that hit the country on October 8, 2005. We then use the model to trace the path… Read More
Research Report
State of the Economy: An Overheating Economy
The Review is an effort to objectively present the situation with respect to the state of the economy. It highlights the impressive growth performance and the Government's role in achieving that. But it also emphasizes that some signs of overheating and stress are now emerging in the economy… Read More
Research Report
Cancer: Social Social Implications of Treatment and Financial Burden
The purpose of the study was to assess the high cost of cancer and depletion of assets of the patients suffering from cancer. The investigations were conducted with the guidance from oncologists and other health professionals. The objectives of the study were: to estimate and highlight the cost of… Read More
Research Report
Province-Wise Growth Patterns in Human Capital Accumulation
This report is motivated to fill the gap in policy analysis by estimating the human capital index (HCI) at the provincial level from 1982-83 to 2001-02. The accumulated human capital is estimated using the Labourincome based methodology. The index is computed for the three sectors of the economy:… Read More
Research Report
In Search of Poverty Predictors: The Case of Urban and Rural Pakistan
The main objective of this research exercise is to provide correlates of household consumption or poverty using the latest household survey. The estimated coefficients and their weights may be used to predict poverty incidence from light monitoring survey such as Core Welfare Indicator Questionnaire… Read More
Research Report
Does Inequality Matter for Poverty Reduction? Evidence from Pakistan's Poverty Trends
The paper explores the linkages between poverty, growth and inequality in the context of Pakistan. Time series macro data are used for the period 1979 to 2002. Consistent poverty and inequality measures are interpolated to facilitate the estimation of poverty elasticity with respect to growth and… Read More
Research Report
State of the Economy: A Shift towards Growth
The Review is an effort to objectively present the situation with respect to the state of the economy. It acknowledges the gains made over the year, but also identifies the areas where weaknesses are pronounced and where policy shifts are called for. And in line with SPDC’s perspective, the… Read More
Research Report
Nonprofit Sector in Pakistan: Historical Background
The Working Papers provide a vehicle for the initial dissemination of the work of the project to a wide range of audience including policy makers, scholars, development practitioners, policy analysts, international donor organizations and country-wide or regional nonprofit organizations. Working… Read More
Research Report
Zakat As A Social Safety Net: Exploring the Impact
Zakat As A Social Safety Net: Exploring the Impact
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Research Report
Microfinancing: Fighting Against Poverty
Microfinancing: Fighting Against Poverty
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Research Report
Pakistan's External Debt Burden: Causes Complexities and Remedies
Pakistan's External Debt Burden: Causes Complexities and Remedies
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Research Report
State of the Economy: Behind the Aggregates
The report is an effort to objectively present the situation with respect to the state of the economy. It acknowledges the gains made over the year, but cautions against certain misleading and, consequently, overly optimistic judgements. It identifies the areas where weaknesses are pronounced and… Read More
Research Report
Poverty and Inequality During the Adjustment Decade: Empirical Findings from Household Surveys
This paper investigates the dynamics of poverty and inequality in Pakistan over the period 1988-1999. The year 1988 was the year of the first formal Structural Adjustment Lending (SAL) from the World Bank and the IMF. Thus, this analysis facilitates the debate regarding the impact of SAL on household… Read More
Research Report
Impact of Ownership and Concentration of Land on Schooling: The Case of Rural Punjab
The purpose of this research is to demonstrate how ‘landlordism’ (land concentration and landlessness) impede education attainments and consequently, increase poverty and income inequality. The study is based on the latest data of the Agricultural Census (2000) for Punjab1 province, which… Read More
Research Report
Mapping the Spatial Deprivation of Pakistan
Geographical targeting may be a viable way to allocate resources for poverty alleviation in developing countries. Efficiency can be increased and leakages to the non-poor reduced substantially by targeting needy areas. A national and regional database of substantial poverty maps or deprivation indices… Read More
Research Report
Price and Income Effects on Urban Undernutrition
This paper estimates the extent of undernutrition in urban Pakistan in terms of calorie consumption after controlling heterogeneity in household characteristics. It also evaluates the sensitivity of price and income shocks on incidence, depth and severity of undernutrition. Approximately 27 percent… Read More
Research Report
Private Returns to Education: Evidence for Pakistan
The study provides estimates of the private return to education in Pakistan. A Mincerian earning function is estimated using the latest available household survey data of 2001-02. Inter-provincial, inter-sectoral and inter-regional variations in earning and educational attainment are explored. The… Read More
Research Report
Returns to Education: The Case of Fertility
The purpose of this research is to observe the impact of the individual and aggregate-level education on the fertility rate. The empirical investigation has been extended to observe the determinants of fertility using aggregate district data. The estimated coefficients of the macro fertility model… Read More
Research Report
The Changing Profile of Regional Inequality
There is a growing concern, in developing and transition economies that spatial and regional inequality, of economic activity, incomes and social indicators, is on the increase. Regional inequality is a dimension of overall inequality, but it has added significance when spatial and regional divisions… Read More
Research Report
The Knowledge Divide: Education Inequality in Pakistan
As economic activity becomes increasingly knowledge based, disparities in educational opportunity play a more important role in determining the distribution of income and poverty. A greater equity in the distribution of educational opportunities enables the poor to capture a larger share of the benefits… Read More
Research Report
Nonprofit Sector in Pakistan: Government Policy and Future Issues
Nonprofit Sector in Pakistan: Government Policy and Future Issues
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Research Report
Dimensions of the Nonprofit Sector in Pakistan
Dimensions of the Nonprofit Sector in Pakistan
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Research Report
Cost of Living Index by City of Pakistan
Cost of Living Index by City of Pakistan
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Recasting Sindh Budget (Expenditures) From 'Head of Account' To 'Department' Basis
Recasting Sindh Budget (Expenditures) From 'Head of Account' To 'Department' Basis
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Research Report
Law and the Nonprofit Sector in Pakistan
The objectives of this study are to: document the size, scope, internal structure, finance and legal position of the nonprofit sector in the country; examine the relations between the nonprofit sector and government and identify the ways in which this relationship can be improved; to improve public… Read More
Research Report
The Slowing Down of the Growth of Total Factor Productivity in Pakistan
This paper quantifies the trend in TFP in Pakistan over the 25 years period, 1972-73 and 1997- 98. This leads to the conclusion that a significant part of the decline in growth rate during the decade of the 90s is also due to a slowing down of the growth in TFP and not just because of a lower level… Read More
Research Report
Impact of the Afghan War on the Economy: Options for Pakistan
Impact of the Afghan War on the Economy: Options for Pakistan
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Research Report
Stabilization vs Growth: Federal Budget 2001-02
Stabilization vs Growth: Federal Budget 2001-02
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Research Report
Incidence of Income Poverty in Pakistan
Incidence of Income Poverty in Pakistan
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Research Report
Credit to the Poor: Consultations with Borrowers
The paper reflects the views of loan recipients of the National Rural Support Program and Orangi Pilot Project B two leading microfinance institutions in rural and urban areas respectively. Focus Group Discussion and detailed individual case studies were conducted to evaluate these programs in terms… Read More
Research Report
Social Development and Economic Growth: A Statistical Exploration
This paper is an attempt to relate social development and economic growth in order to assess the success of various policy regimes. The paper also tests for a statistical relationship between the two so as to answer the question whether improvements in the social indicators can be explained by the… Read More
Research Report
Evaluation of Social Safety Nets in Pakistan
Evaluation of Social Safety Nets in Pakistan
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Research Report
Elements of Good Economic Governance
Elements of Good Economic Governance
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Research Report
Alternative Delivery Mechanisms for Social Services: Some Case Studies from Pakistan
Alternative Delivery Mechanisms for Social Services: Some Case Studies from Pakistan Read More
Research Report
Evaluation of the Federal Budget 2000-01
The Social Policy and Development Centre (SPDC) has a tradition of bringing out a Research Report every year containing analysis of the proposals for expenditure and taxation in the Federal Budget from the viewpoint of their impact on the economy and people of Pakistan. This year’s report contains… Read More
Research Report
Public-Private Partnerships in the Health Sector
This report presents general guidelines for preparing a case study of public-private partnership in the health sector. Based on the guidelines, a case study is undertaken in partnership between a private medical college and a public hospital in the city of Abbottabad in NWFP. This case study… Read More
Research Report
Macroeconomic Developments and Poverty
The paper deals with the impact of macroeconomic developments on the incidence of poverty and offers an explanation as to why poverty fell sharply in the decade of 80s and has tended to increase significantly in the 90s. It develops a set of medium term (upto 2002- 03) macroeconomic projections which… Read More
Research Report
A Medium-Term Macroeconomic Framework for Pakistan
This paper is based on the work done by the Macroeconomic Framework Sub-Group of the Economic Advisory Board of which the author was the Convenor. Projections made by the Sub-Group have been revised in light of recent numbers and in response to comments received from members of EAB in the meeting… Read More
Research Report
Social Impact of Economic Crisis: Lessons for Pakistan
Social Impact of Economic Crisis: Lessons for Pakistan
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Research Report
Impact of Economic Adjustment on Social Development in Pakistan
Impact of Economic Adjustment on Social Development in Pakistan
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Research Report
Modeling Poverty Trends in Pakistan: Some Additional Empirical Evidence
Modeling Poverty Trends in Pakistan: Some Additional Empirical Evidence
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Research Report
The 1998 Population Census
The 1998 Population Census
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Research Report
Evaluation of the Federal Budget 1999 2000
This report contains seven articles on various aspects of the Budget of 1999-2000, written by staff members of SPDC. We hope that government officials, private sector, members of NGOs and civil society at large will find this report useful in understanding the implications of the Budget. … Read More
Research Report
Analysis of Provincial Budgets 1999-2000
This report contains nine articles on various aspects of the Budgets of the four provincial governments in 999-2000, written by staff members of SPDC. We hope that government officials, private sector, members of NGOs and civil society at large will find this report useful in understanding the implications… Read More
Research Report
Gender Inequality in Developing Countries: A Case Study of Pakistan
The purpose of this paper is to quantity the extent of gender inequality in access to social and economic opportunity in Pakistan and to analyse its determinants. Analysis shows a high degree of gender inequality in Pakistan. This is largely a consequence of inequality in labour force participation… Read More
Research Report
Essays on the Federal Budget 1998 99
This report compiles a dozen essays relating to the state of the economy, budgetary trends, accuracy of budgetary proposals, evaluation of the taxation proposals, development priorities and the macro economic impact of the budget on growth, inflation, savings and investments, external sector, poverty… Read More
Research Report
Decentralised Governance of Sindh Katchi Abadis Authority
The research has identified the changes made by SKAA in its lease granting and development procedures. This has consisted primarily of decentralisation of the process of decision making, whereby the authority of granting leases which was originally centralised at the top in the Director General himself… Read More
Research Report
Social and Economic Ranking of Districts of Pakistan
The report has used 37 indicators relating to the education, health, water supply income and wealth, agriculture, housing transportation and labour force sectors to rank districts of Pakistan in terms of the level of social and economic development. The paper demonstrates the importance of education… Read More
Research Report
Review of the Social Action Program
Review of the Social Action Program
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Research Report
The Provincial Budgets 1997-98
This report is a compilation of articles produced after the announcement of the provincial budgets. We hope that our analyses will represent an objective appraisal of the state of affairs and will be of some use to the readers.
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Research Report
Fiscal Decentralization: Lessons From the Asian Experience
The objective of this report is to describe the process of fiscal decentralization in a number of Asian countries. It covers areas of expenditure and service responsibility allocations, tax assignments, transfers to and access to borrowings by subnational governments. Best practices observed in these… Read More
Research Report
An Evaluation of the Federal Budget 1997-98
This report is a compilation of these articles. We hope that our analyses will represent an objective appraisal of the economy and the Budget of 1997-98 and will be of some use to readers. Social Policy and Development Centre, which focuses on policy analysis, in particular social sector policy,… Read More
Research Report
Growth of Public Debt and Debt Servicing in Pakistan
This report analyses the factors contributing to the growth of public debt and debt servicing in Pakistan, with the special focus on the impact of the financial sector reforms pursued in recent years, which have tended to increase the cost of domestic borrowings. The study presents a policy package… Read More
Research Report
Resource Mobilisation and Expenditure Planning for Social Sectors in Pakistan
Resource Mobilisation and Expenditure Planning for Social Sectors in Pakistan
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Research Report
An Evaluation of the Budget 1996-97
Budget in Pakistan, constitutes a statement of government’s fiscal priorities and policy objectives for the forthcoming year. At times major policy changes are announced which include changes in tariff rates, taxes, incentives etc., that have subsequent impacts on various segments in the economy.… Read More
Research Report
The World Summit for Social Development: Its Implications for Social Sector Development in Pakistan
The principal objective of the World Summit for Social Development held at Copenhagen in March 1995 was to prioritise social development in the development agendas of governments. Not only is social development seen as a goal in itself, but its importance is further emphasised by new theoretical… Read More
Research Report
Social Development Ranking of Districts of Pakistan
The objectives of this report are two fold: first, determine the extent of variation among districts in the level of social development and second to examine in the spatial context for Pakistan how strong the relationship is between levels of economic and social development and what explains regional… Read More
Research Report
Continuation Rates in Primary Education: A Study of Pakistan
This report attempts to measure and explain these differentials between 1972 and 1993. It examines the relationship between rates of continuation class-wise for males and females and five factors: school availability, teacher availability, rate of urbanisation, per capita income and female literacy.… Read More
Research Report
National Finance Commission: 1995 - Inter-Governmental Revenue Sharing in Pakistan
SPDC has prepared this report in the context of the recently constituted National Finance Commission on federal revenue sharing transfers to the provincial governments. Provincial governments in Pakistan have the principal responsibility for delivery of social services like education, health, water… Read More
Research Report
Integrated Social Policy and Macro Economic Planning Model for Pakistan
Integrated Social Policy and Macro Economic Planning Model for Pakistan
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Research Report
Optimal Enrollment and Cost Effective Expenditures for Public School System
Optimal Enrollment and Cost Effective Expenditures for Public School System
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Research Report
Optimal Mix of Health Sector Expenditure
Optimal Mix of Health Sector Expenditure
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Research Report
Data Base Development for Integrated Social Sector Revenue and Expenditure Model
Data Base Development for Integrated Social Sector Revenue and Expenditure Model
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Research Report
Specification of Integrated Social Sector Revenue and Expenditure Planning Model
Specification of Integrated Social Sector Revenue and Expenditure Planning Model
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Research Report
A Study on Improving the Efficiency and Effectiveness of Spending in the Social Sectors and Increasing Resource Mobilisation in the Provinces (5 volumes)
A Study on Improving the Efficiency and Effectiveness of Spending in the Social Sectors and Increasing Resource Mobilisation in the Provinces (5 volumes)
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Research Report
Fiscal Policy in Pakistan
Fiscal Policy in Pakistan
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Research Report